[Solved] Nervous System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Nervous System Quiz - Download Now! (2024)

1. Medulla oblongata
2. Spinal cord
3. Spinal nerves
4. More than one of the above
5. None of the above

The correct answer isMedulla oblongata.Key Points

• Medulla oblongata isthe bottom-most part of your brain.
• ts location means it's where your brain and spinal cord connect, making it a key conduit for nerve signals to and from your body.
• It also helps control vital processes like your heartbeat, breathing and blood pressure.
• The medulla oblongata is responsible for regulating several basic functions of the autonomic nervous system, includingrespiration, cardiac function, vasodilation, and reflexeslike vomiting, coughing, sneezing, and swallowing.
• The medullasends signals to the muscles that initiate inspiration and expiration and controls non-respiratory air movement reflexes, like coughing and sneezing.
• It contains nerve fibers and nerve cells covered bymyelin, a substance that gives the tissue its white color, protects it and speeds electrical signals.

Additional Information

• Role of the spinal cord is tosend motor commands from the brain to the body, send sensory information from the body to the brain, and coordinate reflexes.
• Spinal nervessend electrical signals between your brain, spinal cord and the rest of your body.
  • These electrical nerve signals help you feel sensations (sensory nerve) and move your body (motor nerves).There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
• Pituitary Gland regulates growth, metabolism, and reproduction through the hormones that it produces.
  • These hormone deficiencies can affect any number of your body's routine functions, such asgrowth, blood pressure or reproduction.

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1. Interneurons
2. Motor neurons
3. Sensory neurons
4. More than one of the above
5. None of the above

Concept:

• Neuronsare elongated nerve cells that conduct nerve impulses in the body.
• The human CNS comprisesseveral billion neurons that send and receive impulses from the brain.
• Neurons controlthemovement of musclesandconductthe informationfrom the sense organs to the CNS.
• Neurons are produced by a process called neurogenesis.
• Each neuron is made up of acyton (cell body), axonand dendrites.
• Dendrites may be one to many but there is generally onlyone axon in a neuron.
• Impulses are transferred from the axon of one neuron to the dendrites of another neuron at thesynapse.

Important Points

• Based on the functions they perform, neurons are classified as follows:

1. Sensory neurons:
   • These are also known as afferent neurons.
   • These neurons connect sensory organs with the central nervous system.
   • The sensory neurons thus carry sensory impulses from the external medium to the brain and spinal cord.
2. Motor neurons:
   • These are also known as efferent neurons.
   • These neurons connect the CNS to the effectors. Effectors include muscles and glands.
   • These neurons carry motor impulses to the effectors.
3. Interneurons:
   • These are also known as adjustor neurons.
   • These are present in the CNS - Brain and Spinal cord.
   • Interneurons help connect two or more neurons for the distant transmission of impulses.
   • These neurons connect sensory and motor neurons.

So the correct answer is option 3 (Sensory neurons).

Additional Information

• Neural stem cells:
  • These are undifferentiated cells that are found in the CNS.
  • These cells have the ability to grow and differentiate into specialized cells like neurons and glial cells.

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1. sternum
2. synapse
3. cerebellum
4. vomer
5. Not Attempted

The correct answer is Cerebellum

Key Points

• The cerebellum (“little brain”) is a structure that is located at the back of the brain, underlying the occipital and temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex.
• It islocated behind the medulla oblongata and the pons.
• Although the cerebellum accounts for approximately 10% of the brain's volume, it contains over 50% of the total number of neurons in the brain.
• In humans, the cerebellum plays an important role in motor control.
• It may also be involved in some cognitive functions such as attention and language as well as emotional control such as regulating fear and pleasure responses.

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1. Cerebrum
2. Pons
3. Medulla oblongata
4. Cerebellum
5. Not Attempted

The correct answer isMedulla oblongata.

Key Points

• Involuntary actions like blood pressure, salivation, and vomiting are controlled by the Medulla.
• Medulla oblongata, also called the medulla, is the lowest part of the brain and the lowest portion of the brainstem.
• The Medulla oblongata or simply medulla is a long stem-like structure that makes up part of the brain.
• It is anterior and partially inferior to the cerebellum.
• It is a cone-shaped neuronal mass responsible for autonomic (involuntary)functions ranging from vomiting to sneezing.

Additional Information

• The brain is divided into three major parts:
  • Forebrain.
  • Midbrain.
  • Hindbrain.

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1. Blood
2. Cerebrospinal Fluid
3. Lymph
4. Synovial Fluid

The correct answer isCerebrospinal Fluid.

Key Points

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), clear, colorless liquid that fills and surrounds the brain and the spinal cord and provides a mechanical barrier against shock.
• Formed primarily in the ventricles of the brain, the cerebrospinal fluid supports the brain and provides lubrication between surrounding bones and the brain and spinal cord.
• The Choroid Plexus of the Brainsecretes Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Additional Information
Formation of CSF

• Formed from the choroid plexus situated in the ventricles.
• The choroid plexus is the tuft of capillary projections presents inside the ventricle.
• The choroid plexus is covered by the pia matter and ependymal covering.
• The active transport mechanism is involved in the secretion of CSF.

Properties of CSF

• The volume is around 150 ml.
• Rate of formation around 0.3ml/minute.
• Specific gravity: 1.005
• The reaction is alkaline.

Absorption of CSF

• Mostly absorbed by the arachnoid villi into the dural sinus and spinal veins.
• 500ml of CSF is formed every day and an equal amount is absorbed.

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Nervous System Question 6

1. Hind-brain
2. Cerebrum
3. Mid-brain
4. None of the above

Nervous System Question 6 Detailed Solution

The correct answer isCerebrum.

Explanation:

• The main thinking part of the human brain is the cerebrum.
• Thecerebrumisthe large outerpartof thebrain
• Itcontrolsreading,thinking,learning, speech, emotions, and planned muscle movements like walking.

• Thecerebrum (a major part of the forebrain) is the main thinking part of the brain. It has sensory, motor, and association areas.

Additional Information

• The human brain is divided into three parts or compartments with different functions:Fore-brain, Midbrain, and hindbrain.
• The human brain with the spinal cord makes thecentral nervous system.
• Fore-brainis the main thinking part and controlsvoluntary actions.
  • It processessensory informationwhich is collected from various organs of the body such as ears, eyes, nose tongue, skin, etc.
  • The forebrain consists ofCerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus.
  • The cerebrum is the biggest part of the brain and is associate with the higher function of thinking and actions.

• Midbrain is a small central part of the brainstem, developing from the middle of the primitive or embryonic brain, the hypothalamus is a portion of the brain

  • It contains anumber of small nucleiwith a variety of functions, and thelower part of the brainstem, comprises the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata.
  • Midbrainconnects the forebrain and hindbrain.
  • It is abridge to transmit signals.
  • The functions are vision, hearing, temperature regulation, and alertness, etc.
• The hindbraincontrols the heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, sleep, and walking, etc.
  • thecerebellumis part of the hindbrain.
  • It is maintaining equilibrium, body balance, and posture during walking, riding, etc.

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Nervous System Question 7

1. Red blood cell
2. Neuron
3. Nephron
4. White blood cell

Nervous System Question 7 Detailed Solution

The Correct Answer is Option 2 i.e Neuron.

• Neurons, also known as nerve cells, send and receive signals from the brain.
• A neuron has 3 parts: the dendrites, the cell body (also called the "soma"), the axon.'
  • Dendrites - It takes information to the cell body.
  • Cell body (soma) - the part of the cell that contains the nucleus.
  • Axon - It takes information away from the cell body.

• The functional unit of the Kidney is the nephron.
• Red blood cells also called erythrocytes.
• Red blood cells help in carrying oxygen throughout the body.
• Hemoglobin is a pigment in the red blood cells which gives the cells their red color.
• White blood cells (WBCs) are also called leukocytes.
• These help in protecting the body against foreign invaders.

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Nervous System Question 8

1. Medulla
2. Cerebrum
3. Pons
4. Cerebellum

Nervous System Question 8 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Medulla.

Key Points

• The medullais the lowest part of the brain and the lowest portion of the brainstem.
• The medulla is connected by the pons to the midbrain and is continuous posteriorly with the spinal cord.
• The medulla plays a critical role in transmitting signals between the spinal cord and the higher parts of the brain and in controlling autonomic activities, such as heartbeat and respiration.

Additional Information

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Nervous System Question 9

1. Frontal lobe
2. Occipital lobe
3. Parietal lobe
4. Frontal as well as occipital lobe both

Nervous System Question 9 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Parietal lobe.

• There are four lobes in the human brain.
  • Frontal lobe.
  • Parietal lobe.
  • Occipital lobe.
  • Temporal lobe.

Important Points

• Parietal lobe:
  • Located behind the frontal lobe.
  • Receive and transmit sensory information from the body and skin. Also connected other parts of the brain.
  • Deals with many sensations including touch, pressure, pain, heat, cold, etc.
• Frontal lobe:
  • It is the largest part of four major lobes, located at the front of each hemisphere (brain’s cerebral cortex) and covered by the frontal cortex.
  • The frontal lobe is separated from the parietal lobe by the central sulcus.
  • The major role of the frontal lobe is decision making including self-management, Speech, and language, Comparing objects, memories, understanding, and reacting to feelings, behaviour, attention, etc.
• Occipital lobe:
  • It is the smallest of the lobes, located at the back portion of the brain and below the occipital bone.
  • The primary visual cortex, which is located in the occipital lobe, receives and interprets information from the retinas of the eyes.
  • The occipital lobe deals with aspects of vision, including face recognition, movement, object recognition, colour determination, distance, depth perception.
• Temporal lobe:
  • Located in the bottom section of the brain and sitting close to the ear level within the skull.
  • The major functions are hearing, language recognization, speaking and understanding writing, memory acquisition, visual perception, etc.

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Nervous System Question 10

1. Spinal Cord
2. Medulla Oblongata
3. Neuron
4. None of these

Nervous System Question 10 Detailed Solution

Concept-

• Human brain is the central organ of the human nervous system
• The brain can be divided into three basic units: the forebrain, the midbrain, and the hindbrain.
• The brainstem networkcontrols blood pressure
• Brain stem include
  • Medulla oblongata
  • Pons
  • Mid brain

Key Points

Fore-brain:

• The forebrain structures include the cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland.
• Cerebral hemispheres make up the uppermost portion of the brain and are involved in sensory mecahnism, control of voluntary movement, such as speech.
• The thalamus is the main relay centre between the medulla oblongata and the cerebrum.
• Hypothalamus is an important control centerfor sex drive, pleasure, pain, hunger, thirstbody temperature, and other visceral functions.
• Hypothalamus produces hormones that control the secretions of the anterior pituitary gland, and it also produces oxytocin.

Mid-brain:

• The midbrain lies between the thalamus and pons.
• Midbrain serves important functions in motor movement, particularly movements of the eye, and in auditory and visual processing.

Hind-brain:

There are three main parts of the hindbrain - pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata.

• Pons regulate respiration.
• Cerebellum helps with the coordination and movement related to motor skills, especially involving the hands and feet.
• Medulla Oblangata plays an essential role in passing messages between your spinal cord and brain.
• It's also essential for regulating your cardiovascular(Heart) and respiratory systems.
• 

Additional Information

• Spinal cord is also a part of central nervous system.
• Primary role of the spinal cord is to relay sensory, motor, and autonomic messages between the brain and the rest of the body.

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Nervous System Question 11

1. Skin
2. Brain
3. Heart
4. Eye

Nervous System Question 11 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Brain.

Key Points

• Brain organs will not feel any pain on being pricked by a needle.
• The brain is a painless organ.
  • So pricking or even removing a part of the brain, while a person is conscious, does not cause any pain.
• Operating brain in a conscious state is a common procedure which is known as “awake craniotomy”.
  • Acover around the brain is a painful structure. Pricking it can cause severe pain.
• There are no pain nor tactile (touch) receptors of any type in the brain itself.
  • So, a needle or even more invasive brain surgery is not associated with any “sensation” of the brain being touched in the patient.
• Hence, option 2 is correct.

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Nervous System Question 12

1. Left end of Ciliary muscles
2. Junction of the optic nerve and the retina
3. Centre of eye Lens
4. Both ends of Cornea

Nervous System Question 12 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is theJunction of the optic nerve and the retina.

Key Points

• Blindspot

• The eye lens focuses light on the back of the eye, on a layer called the retina.
• The retina contains several nerve cells.
• Sensations felt by the nerve cells are then transmitted to the brain through the optic nerve.
• At the junction of the optic nerve and the retina, there are no sensory cells, so no vision is possible at that spot.
• This is called the blind spot.

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Nervous System Question 13

1. Pituitary gland
2. Spinal nerves
3. Spinal cord
4. Medulla oblongata

Nervous System Question 13 Detailed Solution

The correct answer isMedulla oblongata.

Key Points

• The medulla oblongata, also called the medulla, is thelowest part of the brainand thelowest portion of the brainstem.
• The Medulla oblongata or simply medulla is a long stem-like structure that makes up part of the brain.
• It is anterior and partially inferior to the cerebellum.
• The medulla oblongata(or medulla) controls theheartbeat, breathing,andblood pressure.
• There arethree groups of neuronscalledrespiratory centerspresent in themedulla oblongataand pons the brain as follows:

1. Dorsal respiratory group
2. Ventral respiratory group
3. Pneumotaxis center

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Nervous System Question 14

1. Hind-brain
2. Cerebellum
3. Mid-brain
4. Fore-brain

Nervous System Question 14 Detailed Solution

• Fore-brainis the main thinking part of the human brain.
• Fore-brain comprises of Cerebrum, Thalamus and Hypothalamus.
• The cerebrum controls all the voluntary activities like thinking, learning, reasoning, etc.
• Hind-brain comprises of Pons, Cerebellum and Medulla oblongata. The Medulla contains centres of respiration,cardiovascular reflexes, etc.
• Cerebellum maintains orientation, posture and equilibrium of the body.
• Mid-brain comprises of four lobes calledcorpora quadrigemina.

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Nervous System Question 15

1. It lies in the posterior region of the brain
2. It controls movements, speech, sight, smell, taste, hearing, intelligence etc.
3. It is a part of hind brain
4. It maintains equilibrium of the body

Nervous System Question 15 Detailed Solution

Option 2 is not correct.

• The cerebellum does not controls movements, speech, sight, smell, taste, hearing, intelligence etc.

Important Points

• Theactivities like walking in a straight line, riding a bicycle, picking up a pencilare possible due to a part of the hindbrain called the cerebellum.
• It is responsible for the precision of voluntary actions and maintaining the posture and balance of the body.
• It is a part of the hind brain.

Additional Information

• The brain has three such major parts or regions, namely the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.
• The forebrain is the main thinking part of the brain. It has regions which receive sensory impulses from various receptors.
• There is another set of muscle movements over which we do not have any thinking control. Many of these involuntary actions are controlled by the midbrain and hindbrain.
• All these involuntary actions including blood pressure, salivation and vomiting are controlled by the medulla in the hindbrain.

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